<font color="red"><b>This page is for Linux only!! But not necessary</b></font> --- - <font color="#800000"><b>Ghostscript</b></font> When using the function <code>bitmap()</code> in Linux, the R system requires Ghostscript software to translate figure from ps file to other type image file, include jpeg, png and bmp etc. To download, install and get more information, see <a href="http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/" target="_blank">GNU Ghostscript</a> or <a href="http://www.cups.org/ghostscript.php" target="_blank">ESP Ghostscript</a>. - <font color="#800000"><b>In Renviron file</b></font> Under <code>${R_HOME}/etc/Renviron</code>, add an R system environment variable for ghostscript. If the default <code>gs</code> is at <code>/usr/bin/gs</code>, that Renviron will be ``` R_GSCMD=${R_GSCMD-'/usr/bin/gs'} ``` - <font color="#800000"><b>In Script</b></font> If no permission to modify Renviron file, you can use the R command <code>Sys.putenv()</code> to setup the environment variable. If the default <code>gs</code> is at <code>/usr/bin/gs</code>, that environment variable can be setted by ``` Sys.putenv("R_GSCMD"="/usr/bin/gs") ``` See also <code>Sys.getenv()</code>. - <font color="#800000"><b>In MS-Windows</b></font> Use <code>gswin32c.exe</code> to instead of <code>gs</code> in Unix. --- <div w3-include-html="../preamble_tail_date.html"></div>